Alberto Giacometti
알베르토 지아코메티 (1901-1966)
Information
Alberto Giacometti was an Italian-Swiss sculptor-painter who gained a reputation in Paris in the early 1930s with erotic and ironical Surrealist constructions. After turning his back on Surrealism and spending the World War II years modeling the human figure in a tiny hotel room in Geneva, he began producing his proud, precarious, polelike figures, which have been seen as metaphors for the postwar experience of danger and doubt.
Giacometti was an articulate, self-confident and well-informed artist whose sculptures and paintings are ravaged by uncertainty and doubt. His intelligence, independence and generosity fascinated artists and writers like André Breton, Jean Genet, Pablo Picasso and Jean-Paul Sartre. His familiar but exceptionally elusive work has left a mark on painters and sculptors as different as David Smith, Louise Bourgeois, Barnett Newman, Susan Rothenberg, Mark di Suvero and Bryan Hunt. He was born in the Bergell Valley in Italian-speaking Switzerland in 1901.
His father, Giovanni, was a nationally known painter of landscapes and genre scenes. After drawing since childhood and experimenting with sculpture and painting since early adolescence, Giacometti moved to Paris in 1922, when the artistic stage was wide open. Paris remained his home until his death in 1966 at the age of 64. The Surrealist works that established his reputation in the 1930s are elegant, inventive and perverse. Sculptures like the ''Disagreable Objects'' are phallic and cradlelike, aggressive and embryonic at the same time. They reflect Surrealism's preoccupation with sexuality and Freud, its sense of woman as an object of desire and danger — as a metaphor for the totality of life -- and its attraction to androgyny as a symbol for human duality.
알베르토 지아코메티는 이탈리아계 스위스 조각가이자 화가로, 1930년대에 파리에서 에로틱하고 역설적인 초현실주의 구조로 큰 명성을 얻었던 예술가이다. 초현실주의에 등을 돌리고 제2차 세계대전 시기를 제네바의 작은 호텔 방에서 인간 형태를 조형하는데 큰 노력을 기울이던 그는, 그의 자랑스럽고 불안정하며 장대 같은 형태를 만들어내기 시작하는데, 이는 종종 전쟁 후의 위험과 의심을 비유하는 것으로 해석되곤 한다.
지아코메티는 명확하고, 자신감이 넘치고 또 교육받은 작가로, 그의 조각과 그림들은 불확실성과 의심에 의해 파괴되어 있다. 그의 지성과 독립심 그리고 관용은 앙드레 브르통, 장 주네, 파블로 피카소와 쟝-폴 샤르트르 같은 동료 예술가들과 작가들을 매료시켰다. 그의 익숙하면서도 얼버무리는 작품들은 데이빗 스미스, 루이스 부르주아, 바넷 뉴먼, 수잔 로텐버그, 마크 디 수베로, 브라이언 헌트처럼 그와 다른 작가들에게도 큰 영향을 미쳤다. 그는 이탈리아어를 사용하는 스위스 지역인 Bergell Valley 에서 1901년 태어났다.
그의 아버지인 지오반니는 스위스에서 유명한 풍경화가였다. 어렸을 적부터 그림을 그렸고 청소년기부터 조각과 회화를 실험하던 지아코메티는 1922년에 예술적 무대가 아주 넓게 펼쳐져 있던 파리로 이사한다. 파리는 그가 64세의 나이로 세상을 뜨던 해인 1966년까지 그의 집이 되었다. 1930년대 그의 명성을 확립하는 데 도움을 준 초현실주의적 작품들은 고상하고 독창적이며 변태적이다. “Disagreeable Objects” 같은 조각들은 남근적이고 요람처럼 생겼으며, 공격적이면서도 배아적이다. 이러한 작품들은 초현실주의의 프로이트와 성 성향에 대한 심취와, 정신분석학이 삶의 전체성에 대한 비유로써 여성을 욕망 그리고 위험의 대상으로 보는 태도와 양성성에 대한 매료가 어떻게 인간의 이중성을 상징하는지를 잘 반영하고 있다.
Profile
Alberto Giacometti Biography
1901 Born:Borgovono, Switzerland
1919 - 1920 Studied at the Beaux-Arts and at the School of Arts et Metiers in Geneva, Switzerland
1922 - 1924 Moved to Paris, France
1929 Signed a contract with Pierre Loeb
1935 - 1947 Decided to stop showing his work
1962 Awarded the grand prize for sculpture at the Venice Biennale, Venice, Italy
1966 Died: Chur, Switzerland
Selected Exhibitions
2010 Alberto Giacometti und Fritz Glarner, Arbeiten auf Papier, Galerie Ziegler SA, Zurich, Switzerland
2010 Modern Times: responding to chaos - Kettle's Yard, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
Alberto Giacometti: Painted Portraits, Mitchell-Innes & Nash Gallery, New York, NY USA (solo)
2009 - 2010 Retrospective, Alberto Giacometti, Musée Rath. Geneve, Switzerland (solo)
2009 Giacometti, Fondation Beyeler, Riehen, Switzerland (solo)
Cézanne + Beyond, Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, PA
In Pursuit of the Masters: Stories from the Raymond and Patsy Nasher Collection, Nasher Sculpture Center, Dallas, TX
2008 Skulptur! Galerie Beck & Eggeling, Dusseldorf, Germany
Once Upon a Time, Yvon Lambert - Paris, Paris, France
En perspective, Giacometti , Musée des Beaux Arts de Caen, Caen, France (solo)
L'atelier d'Alberto Giacometti, Collections de la Fondation Alberto et Annette Giacometti, Centre Pompidou, Paris, France (solo)
Alberto Giacometti, l’oeuvre gravé. Collections de la Fondation Alberto et Annette Giacometti et de la Bibliothèque nationale de France,
Bibliothèque Nationale de France, site Richelieu, Paris, France (solo)
2007 Ferroni, Palazzo Reale, Milan, Italy
The Mirror and the Mask: Portraiture in the Age of Picasso, Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, TX
2006 Classics, Sara Hilden Art Museum, Tampere, Finland
Alberto Giacometti – Isaku Yanaihara, The Museum of Modern Art of Kamakura, Japan; The Museum of Modern Art of Hayama, Hayama, Japon; The Hyogo Prefectural museum, Kobe, Japon; The Kawakura Memorial Museum, Sakura (Chiba), Japon
2005 BIG BANG, Centre Pompidou - Musee National d'Art Moderne, Paris, France
Alberto Giacometti au Donjon de Vez. Chefs-d’oeuvre de la Fondation Alberto et Annette Giacometti, Donjon de Vez, France
Bodies Past and Present: The Figurative Tradition in the Nasher Collection, Nasher Sculpture Center, Dallas, TX
Variable States: Three Masterworks of Modern Sculpture, Nasher Sculpture Center, Dallas, TX
The Women of Giacometti, The Pace Gallery, New York, NY
2004 An Impressionist Eye, Nevada museum of Art NMA, Reno, NV
Giacometti : Paris sans fin, Musée Jenisch, Vevey, France (solo)
From Rodin to Calder: Masterworks of Modern Sculpture from the Nasher Collection, Nasher Sculpture Center, Dallas, TX
2003 Paris 1945 bis 1965. Lentos Kunstmuseum Linz, Linz, Germany
2002 Surrealism - Desire Unbound, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, NY
Alberto Giacometti, Kunsthaus Zürich, Switzerland; The Museum of Modern Art, New York, NY (solo)
2001 The Human Figure in Modern Sculpture, Rodin Gallery, Seoul, South Korea
Naked since 1950, L&M Arts, New York, NY
2000 Celebrating Modern Art - The Anderson Collection, San Francisco Museum of Modern Art - SFMOMA, San Francisco
1999 La joie de vivre, Galerie Beck & Eggeling, Dusseldorf, Germany
1998 Magie der Baume, Foundation Beyeler, Riehen, Germany
1996 A Century of Sculpture: The Nasher Collection, Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York, NY (solo)
1994 Alberto Giacometti, Acquavella Galleries, New York, NY (solo)
1987 A Century of Modern Sculpture: The Patsy and Raymond Nasher Collection, Dallas Museum of Art, Dallas, TX; National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.;Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia, Madrid, Spain; Forte Belvedere, Florence, Italy;Tel Aviv Museum of Art, Tel Aviv, Israel
1985 Exhibition of Sculpture, Painting, and Drawing by Alberto Giacometti, Sidney Janis Gallery, New York, NY (solo)
SELECTED PUBLIC COLLECTIONS:
MFA - Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Boston, MA
Housatonic Museum of Art, Bridgeport, CT
Meadows Museum, Dallas, TX
Wright State University Art Galleries, Dayton, OH
The Detroit Institute of Arts, Detroit, MI
MFAH - Museum of Fine Arts Houston, Houston, TX
The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City, MO
Los Angeles County Museum of Art - LACMA, Los Angeles, CA
MOCA Grand Avenue, Los Angeles, CA
Milwaukee Art Museum, Milwaukee, WI
The Minneapolis Institute of Arts, Minneapolis, MN
Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven, CT
Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York City, NY
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City, NY
MoMA - Museum of Modern Art, New York City, NY
Palm Springs Art Museum, Palm Springs, CA
Norton Simon Museum of Art, Pasadena, CA
Saint Louis Art Museum, Saint Louis, MO
San Francisco Museum of Modern Art - SFMOMA, San Francisco, CA
Fairfield Center for Contemporary Art, Sturgeon Bay, WI
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Washington, DC
Tate Britain, London, UK
Tate Modern, London, UK
Musée Granet, Aix-en-Provence, France
Musée Cantini, Marseille, France
Centre Pompidou - Musée National d´Art Moderne, Paris, France
Fondation Maeght, Saint-Paul, France